Patria potestas

PATRIA POTESTAS, Civil law. Paternal power; (q.v.) the authority which is lawfully exercised by the father over his children.

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Roman law cover the long history of progressive adaptation which nevertheless meant the strengthening of patria potestas and some bizarre restrictions, but with provisions that made sense in 'working class' contexts (p.
Beryl Rawson (ed.), A Companion to Families in the Greek and Roman Worlds
The common earlier word had been emancipation, in English from C17, at first following the sense from emancipo, L, which in Roman law meant to release (usually a child but sometimes wife) from the patria potestas, the legal powers of the pester familias, the person thus emancipated could act sui juris--in his/her own right.
Liberation
Note that the common law system was not an outgrowth of the doctrine of patria potestas that prevailed in pagan Rome.
When child-snatchers attack: the best way to keep children safe and to prevent the Total State from abolishing the family is to de-federalize child protection
Kuehn, Thomas "Women, Marriage and Patria Potestas in Late Medieval Florence.
Women under Venetian colonial rule in the early Renaissance: observations on their economic activities
Shefatyah, however, was surpassed by his contemporary Theophilo, who engaged his daughter despite fierce familial opposition, stating bluntly that she was subject to the patria potestas of Roman law and was his to engage as he wished.
Marriages are made in heaven: marriage and the individual in the Roman Jewish ghetto

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