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Pignus

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PIGNUS, civil law. This word signifies in English, pledge or pawn. (q.v.) It is derived, says Gaius, from pugnium, the fist, because what is delivered in pledge is delivered. in hand. Dig. 50, 16, 238, 2. This is one of several instances of the failure of the Roman jurists, when they attempted etymological explanation of words. The elements of pignus (pig) is contained in the word p---[?], and its cognate forms. Smith's Dict. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. h.v.
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The new-comers would be limited to transactions secured ad pignus (by the pledge of a tangible object) and forbidden to lend ad scripta (against a written note).
Pope Eugenius IV and Jewish money-lending in Florence: the case of ... by Griffiths, Gordon / Renaissance Quarterly
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