Legal

carriage by sea

carriage by sea

a contract to carry goods or passengers by sea. Carriage of passengers or goods by sea depends on the individual contracts involved; such a contract may exclude or limit liability for damage to goods, or death or injury to passengers. However, international contracts are governed by international conventions. The Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1971 gave force of law to the Hague-Visby rules. The Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1992 improved certain aspects of the law under which goods are shipped, reforming and replacing the Bills of Lading Act 1855.
Collins Dictionary of Law © W.J. Stewart, 2006
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References in periodicals archive
Unlike the Hague Rules, which apply only to the shipment of goods that have been issued bills of lading in the Contracting States, the Hamburg Rules apply to every contract of carriage by sea, regardless of the document proving the conclusion of the contract.
Oil is counted for contribution purposes each time it is received at a port or terminal installation, in a member State after carriage by sea. The term received refers to receipt into tankage or storage immediately after carriage by sea.
The contract shall provide for carriage by sea and may provide for carriage by other modes of transport in addition to sea carriage." (5) This definition is commendable when compared to Article 1(b) of the Hague-Visby Rules.
Under the Hamburg Rules, in case of delayed goods, carrier's liability is limited to an mount equivalent to 2.5 times of the freight payable for the goods delayed but not exceeding the total sum of the freight payable under the respective contract of carriage by sea.
Carriage by sea is subject to the terms and conditions of Hoverspeed which are available on request.
Carriage by sea of noxious substancesThe European Parliament adopted a report by Paolo Bartolozzi (EPP-ED, Italy), approving, without further amendment, a draft Council Decision to allow the Member States, to ratify, in the interests of the EU, the 1996 International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea (HNS Convention).This Convention seeks to guarantee suitable, prompt and effective compensation for people suffering from damage causes by hazardous and noxious substances being spilled when carried by sea.
Carriage by sea is subject to the terms and conditions of the carrier, a copy of which can be obtained on request.
The English Carriage by Sea Act of 1924 places upon the carrier the obligation to exercise due diligence to make a vessel seaworthy.
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