A
consumer contract is a contract for the supply of goods or services to an individual for personal, domestic or household use.
In the period between 1 January 1995 and 1 July 2016, there were nineteen cases (62) involving an exclusive forum-selection agreement in a
consumer contract. (63)
The
Consumer Contract Regulations apply to contracts between "traders" and "consumers".
It points out that, in its earlier case -law (Pammer and Hotel Alpenhof, 2010 & Muhlleitner, 2012), it identified a non-exhaustive list of factors, which may assist a national court in making this determination, including the establishment of contact at a distance and the conclusion of a
consumer contract at a distance.
Under the
consumer contract of purchase-sale the seller, who is the person engaged in trade, or his agent, obligates himself to sell a good - a movable object - to the buyer - a natural person - for his personal, family or household needs not related to business or profession, while the buyer obligates himself to pay the price.
Under the UCTL, a term in a standard form
consumer contract will be void if the term is unfair.
Seven lenders had appealed in June against an earlier ruling by the Court of Appeal, which said fees for unauthorised overdrafts fell under the scope of
consumer contract law and can be assessed for fairness.
Several appendices list extensive resources where consumers can find established industry standards for various trades licensing information downloadable
consumer contract forms and checklists to use at various stages.
(25) In refusing to enforce the class action waiver provision in a
consumer contract with a national company, the court held that the fight to seek redress as a class was "more than a mere procedural device in California" and that the rejection of class action waivers in California was based on public policy expressions against that practice in state statutes.
High street banks argued in court yesterday that
consumer contract "fairness" rules do not apply to the charges they impose for unauthorised overdrafts.