[20] at Johnson Space Center, USA, Southwest Research Institute, USA, Christian Albrechts University, Germany, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA, German Aerospace Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Headquarter and other institutes, reported that MSL spacecraft, containing the Curiosity rover launched to Mars on 26 November 2011 provided detailed measurements of energetic particle radiation environment inside the RAD, the radiation dose,
dose equivalent, and dose rate.
The calculated value of the thermal neutron flux density was 1817.5 neutrons/[cm.sup.2]/s and the average value of kerma rate determined on this basis amounted to 244 [micro]Gy/h, and the
dose equivalent rate stood at 610 [micro]Sv/h.
The world average annual effective
dose equivalent (AEDE) from outdoor terrestrial gamma radiation is 460 [mu]Sv/y (UNSCEAR, 2000).
Dose equivalents account for the greater biological effect in an organ or tissue of internal alpha and beta particles as compared with gamma rays.
The key idea of the [GAMMA]-LQ model [18] is the substitution of the absorbed dose by a biological
dose equivalent r.
These laboratories may also have different types of instruments or ways of calculating the exposure rate or ambient
dose equivalent rate used for testing.
The sever (symbol: Vs.) is the International System of Units (SI) SI derived unit of
dose equivalent radiation.
After feeding rats a caffeine
dose equivalent to two human cups of coffee (two milligrams of caffeine per kilogram of body weight), the team measured the strength of nerve cells' electrical messages in slices of brain tissue.
Annual
Dose Equivalent on Endocrine AGDE (Msv.Y-1):
[1] Chen, S.Y., 1991; Calculation of effective
dose equivalent responses for exteranl exposure from residual photon emitters in soil.
Evaporates were reconstituted to 1 mL yielding a final
dose equivalent to 1.00 g dried thyme/mL EtOH.
The result is a clinical therapeutic
dose equivalent to apheresis platelets but typically at a lower cost to produce.
