It increased the islet diameter (p<0.001) and
beta cell count (p0.05).
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disease of pregnancy characterized by hyperglycemia resulting in insulin resistance or failure of sufficient insulin production by pancreatic
beta cells (American Diabetes Association, 2014).
Liu et al., "NADPH oxidase inhibition prevents
beta cell dysfunction induced by prolonged elevation of oleate in rodents," Diabetologia, vol.
Life and death of the pancreatic
beta cells. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2000; 11(9):375-8.
Connective tissue growth factor acts within both endothelial cells and
beta cells to promote proliferation of developing
beta cells.
Although mice with different treatments had varied degrees of insulitis and a variable number of
beta cells per islet (Figure 2), the pancreatic insulin content in mice treated with ATRA (932 [+ or -] 182 ng/mL, n = 3, P = 0.013) and exendin-4 (705 [+ or -] 479 ng/mL, n = 5, P < 0.02) was significantly higher than that of control mice (41 [+ or -] 9 ng/mL, n = 4) (Figure 3).
On the contrary another study suggested that during postnatal development, replication of differentiated
beta cells can lead to addition of new
beta cells, so high rates of
beta cell replication during the neonatal period results in a massive increase in the cell mass (Georgia and Bhushan, 2004).
Fontes, "Glucolipotoxicity of the pancreatic
beta cell," Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol.
Critical roles for the TSC-mTOR pathway in
beta cell function.
Tests in mice have shown the mix of three drugs and an antiin-flammatory enzyme renews insulin-producing
beta cells.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder in which a person's immune system mistakenly destroys the cells that produce insulin (called
beta cells).
Symptoms of IDDM usually develop over a short period, although
beta cell destruction can begin months, even years, earlier.
