The multivariable-adjusted quantile regression analysis confirmed that maternal urinary Cd was associated with
birth size in girls but not in boys (Figure 1).
However, in our present study we report statistically significant associations between
birth size measures and two PCB congeners.
For the analysis of associations between maternal PFOS and PFOA levels and
birth size, the following subjects were excluded: women with pregnancy-induced hypertension (n = 11), women with diabetes mellitus (n = 1), mother-infant pairs with fetal heart failure (n = 1), and twins (n = 7).
There was no evidence of a link between
birth size and breast cancer among post-menopausal women.
Maternal exposure to low-level heavy metals during pregnancy and
birth size. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 45:1468-1474, doi: 10.1080/10934529.2010.500942.
We constructed gestational age-adjusted standard deviation scores (SD-scores) for
birth size parameters using the GAMLSS package (version 4.3-7) in R (version 3.3.2; R Development Core Team).
New born infants exposed prenatally to cocaine are easily identified at birth and during the neonatal period by their: premature
birth size and weight; excessive withdrawn behavior; congenital abnormalities; decreased state organization; abnormal electroencephalograms (EEG's), and increased risk of SIDS.
Like generalists, project specialists had a larger
birth size than did non-project specialists, and project specialists showed even greater dispersion in initial size than did generalists (Model 1).
Subsequent epidemiological studies have shown a relationship between infant
birth size and stroke, blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, renal failure and metabolic syndrome (2).
It means that children who born with short birth intervals and have more than 5 living siblings are more likely to be born premature or small
birth size. Mothers who started giving bottle feeding with nipples to their children have significantly better nourished children compared to mothers who did not bottle-fed their children.
Hindmarsh stated, "What we're talking about are reductions of about 10-15% (of IGF levels), producing rather similar reductions in overall
birth size, birth length, and head growth." There are long-term consequences to low birth rate-increased risk of adult hypertension, diabetes, and infertility.
Did you know that some lobsters can grow to more than 500,000 times their
birth size? Now there is a proper talking point.
