fingerprint

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fingerprint

an impression taken of the indents present on the finger tips. These have been used in the detection of crime since before the Fingerprint Bureau at Scotland Yard was established in 1901, relying on the hypothesis that no two people have the same fingerprint. The first conviction was secured in 1902. The process works by comparing distinctive features of the suspect print with a print found at the scene of the crime. Palm prints were used in 1931. In 2002 it was accepted that ear print evidence might be admissible but that scientific misgiving meant that it could be subject to critical cross-examination. The process is now computerized. See e.g. AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (AFIS). While the roots of the use of fingerprints are in criminal investigation, computerization means that the same concept and technology can be used for basic civilian identification purposes, even secure use of personal equipment.

References in periodicals archive ?

These preliminary results demonstrate that DNA fingerprints are capable of changing completely the emphasis of blood-grouping [biochemical identifications] in forensic science," say Gill, Jeffreys and Werrett.

DNA fingerprints to aid sleuths

Even the footprints and fingerprints of identical twins are different.

Best foot forward: infant footprints for personal identification

A printer installed in patrol cars will allow officers to get copies of a suspect's photograph, fingerprint image, signature, and tattoos, along with artist conceptions and composite drawings of unknown subjects.